"Textalyzer" Aims at Deadly Distracted Driving
By Larry Greenemeier on August 14, 2017
针对致命分心驾驶的“消息分析仪”
撰文\播音：拉里·格林梅尔（Larry Greenemeier）
翻译：许楠
审校：潘磊
A new device promises to tell police when a driver has been sending messages while behind the wheel, but is it legal? Larry Greenemeier reports.
一种新仪器可以让警方知道驾驶员开车时是否在发信息，但是它的合法性仍有疑问？
Fifty years ago, British inventors made and marketed the first electronic “breathalyzer”. The alcohol gauge has become standard issue for U.S. law enforcement cracking down on drunk driving.
In a sign of the times, U.S. police are now hoping to enlist the so-called “Textalyzer.” The device, in development by a company called Cellebrite, plugs into a driver’s smartphone and can tell police whether that person sent a text, e-mail or some other type of electronic message. Much of this information could be found by checking the device’s call log and messaging apps, but the Textalyzer aggregates all of that information in one place.
五年前，英国发明家们制造并上市了第一台“呼气式酒精检测仪”。酒精测量结果已经成了美国执法部门施行酒驾处罚的标准依据。
随时代潮流的变迁，现在美国警方希望使用一种被称为 “消息分析仪”的设备。这件设备由塞利布莱特公司（Cellebrite）研制，只要把它插到驾驶员的手机上，它就可以告诉警方该人是否发送过短信、电子邮件或其他形式的电子消息。很多这样的信息通过检查驾驶员的通话记录和发消息的应用就可以获得，而消息分析仪会把它们汇总到一起。
Sending or reading a text typically takes a driver’s eyes off the road for about five seconds. At 55 miles per hour, that's like driving the length of an entire football field with your eyes closed, according to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The NHTSA reports that in 2015 nearly 3,500 people were killed, and 391,000 were injured in motor vehicle crashes involving drivers who were talking on the phone or texting.
But several open questions remain related to the Textalyzer. For one, it’s not clear how officers will access a device if it’s password protected. Textalyzer’s legality is also up for debate. In 2014 the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that police officers cannot legally search a mobile phone for content created within the past 180 days without a warrant. Regardless, several states plan to test the device.
发送或阅读文字会让驾驶员的视线离开公路大约五秒钟。据美国道路交通安全管理局（NHTSA）报告，如果时速达到55英里/小时，那这就像是闭着眼睛开出了一整个足球场的距离。报告显示，2015年内，近3,500人在由于机动车驾驶员拨打电话或发送消息而造成的交通事故中死亡，391,000人受伤。
但是消息分析仪还存在几个尚待解决的问题。例如，警方如何能够获得有密码保护的电子设备的权限。消息分析仪的合法性也有待商榷。2014年，美国最高法院规定，警方在没有搜查令的情况下不得检查手机内容在过去180天内的输入情况。尽管如此，还是有几个州准备试用这个设备。
Over the years all sorts of bad advice has been given to help people “beat” Breathalyzer tests. Let’s hope the only way people beat the Textalyzer is by keeping their hands on the wheel and their eyes on the road.
—Larry Greenemeier
过去的几年中，出现了各种各样的馊主意来帮助人们“淘汰”呼气式酒精检测仪。我们希望最终人们淘汰消息分析仪的方法是，在开车的时候，手不离“舵”，眼不离路。
——拉里·格林梅尔
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