遮阳伞与防晒霜双管齐下，最有效防止晒伤
Sunscreen or beach umbrellas alone were unable to completely prevent sunburns-so researchers suggest combining the methods instead. Christopher Intagliata reports.
单独防晒霜或遮阳伞不能完全防止晒伤——所以研究者们建议把这两种方法结合起来。克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔报道。
撰文/播音：克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔（Christopher Intagliata）
翻译：郭鑫鹏
审校：丁可含
Last time you hit the beach-and yeah, probably seems like a distant memory in the currently chilly parts of the world-did you pack sunscreen? A beach umbrella? Or both?
你上一次去沙滩的时候——对于那些目前处于世界上较为寒冷地方的人们来说可能是遥远的记忆——你是否准备了防晒霜？沙滩遮阳伞？或两者都有？
Researchers put the two sun-protecting products to the test. First contender: a beach umbrella, which they evaluated with a spectrophotometer to see if UV rays passed through. They didn’t…good sign so far. The second contender was sunscreen: 100 SPF.
研究者们测试了这两种防晒产品。第一个竞争者：一个沙滩遮阳伞，他们使用分光光度计来看是否紫外线能通过它。还好紫外线无法通过。第二个竞争者是防晒霜：100SPF（防晒系数）。
Then the scientists rallied 81 people to go sunbathing at lake outside Dallas, for three hours around mid-day. Half got beach umbrellas. The other half, all-you-can-apply sunscreen. And because this is science-not a day at the beach, eh, let me rephrase that, not a walk in the park-the participants were not allowed to take a dip.
接着科学家们标记了81名去达拉斯外湖泊做日光浴的人，在正午左右呆三个小时。一半拿着沙滩遮阳伞，另一半尽可能地涂抹了防晒霜。因为这是科学实验——不是沙滩度假，让我强调一下这点，不是公园散步——参与者们不允许下水。
Twenty four hours after the solar exposure-enough time for any sunburns to ripen-the researchers visually inspected the sunseekers’ skin. And they found that three times as many umbrella-sitters had sunburns somewhere on their bodies, compared to their sunscreen-slathering neighbors. And since the umbrellas themselves block UV rays, the burns are likely due to UV light bouncing off the sand and other surfaces, then hitting unprotected skin. The study is in JAMA Dermatology. [Hao Ou-Yang et al., Sun Protection by Beach Umbrella vs Sunscreen With a High Sun Protection Factor A Randomized Clinical Trial]
日晒之后过了24小时——足够的时间让晒伤呈现——研究者们检查了这些人的皮肤。他们发现相比于那些涂着厚厚防晒霜的人来说，使用遮阳伞的人身上的晒伤几乎为三倍。虽然遮阳伞阻挡了紫外线，这些晒伤可能因为沙子和其他表面反射的紫外线，打在了没有保护的皮肤上。研究发表在《皮肤病学会杂志》上。
The caveat? Even sunscreen users weren’t completely burn-free. So the researchers-some of whom, full disclosure, work at Johnson & Johnson which makes sunscreen-instead recommend hedging your bets. Wear a wide-brimmed hat. Sit in the shade. Use sunblock, too. To ensure you don’t need that fourth strategy: aloe vera.
所以忠告是：防晒霜并非万能防晒伤。所以研究者们——一些在制造防晒霜的强生（Johnson & Johnson）公司工作的人——转而推荐两手准备。戴一个宽边帽子。坐在阴影中。使用防晒霜。这样才能保证你不需要第四个策略：芦荟。
-Christopher Intagliata
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京ICP备11000850号-1
京公网安备11010502039775号 信息网络传播视听节目许可证0111611号
国家科技基础条件平台