迁徙候鸟喜欢湖畔
Night-flying migratory birds over water turn back to lakeshores at daybreak-meaning crowded shores along the water. Christopher Intagliata reports.
夜间飞行的迁徙候鸟在黎明时回到湖岸，它们拥挤地停在岸边。克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔报道。
撰文/播音：克里斯托弗·因塔利亚塔(Christopher Intagliata)
翻译：郭鑫鹏
审校：丁可含
You may have spotted V-shaped squadrons of geese heading south this fall. But for many migrants-like smaller songbirds-nighttime is the right time, when it comes to migration. Winds are gentler. And darkness helps them avoid airborne attacks. Of course, darkness also makes it harder for us to see them. Which is where weather radar comes in.
在这个秋天，你可能看到过V字形队伍的雁群飞向南方。但是对于很多候鸟，比如小型鸣禽，夜晚才是迁徙的好时间。因为风更轻柔，而且夜晚的黑暗帮助它们避开空中袭击。然而黑暗也让我们很难看到它们。这就是天气雷达发挥作用的时候了。
“These radars were designed to detect water drops in the air, precipitation in the air.” Jeff Buler, an ornithologist and aeroecologist at the University of Delaware. “They also detect any other large object that will reflect back radio energy. It essentially sees insects and bats and birds as large drops of water.”
“这些雷达被设计为可以检测空中的水滴，即降水过程。”特拉华大学鸟类学者和航空生态学家杰夫·布勒说。“它们也可以检测其他可以反射雷达能量的大型物体。从这些雷达上，我们看到昆虫、蝙蝠和鸟类就如同水滴一般。”
Buler and his team used three weather surveillance radars to track migratory birds near the Great Lakes-and they observed four spring migrations in a row. And what they found was, as the night migration ended, and dawn broke, many birds in flight over the lakes turned back. Decided to quit for the day. Which meant crowded real estate on the south shore of the lakes, as the birds piled up there to wait out the day. The study is in the journal The Auk. [Kevin M. Archibald et al., Migrating birds reorient toward land at dawn over the Great Lakes, USA]
布勒和他的团队使用三个天气监视雷达来追踪五大湖附近的候鸟，他们连续观察了四个春季迁徙的过程。他们发现，当夜间迁徙结束时，黎明到来，许多正在湖上空飞行的鸟儿掉头飞回来。它们决定放弃白天的飞行。这使得在湖的南岸挤满了鸟儿，它们聚集在那儿等待白天结束。研究发表在《海雀》上。
The message for conservators? “Restoring one hectare of forest along the shoreline of Lake Michigan might be able to support more migrants than a hectare of forest 50 km away from the shoreline.” Because birds-just like humans-like that lakefront property.
对于保护者们来说，“比起岸边50公里外的森林，保留密歇根湖岸可以为更多地候鸟提供帮助。”因为鸟儿像人类一样喜欢湖畔。
-Christopher Intagliata
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京ICP备11000850号-1
京公网安备11010502039775号 信息网络传播视听节目许可证0111611号
国家科技基础条件平台